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If you’ve ever wondered how people invest in Nepal or what terms like IPO and FPO mean, you’re not alone. The stock market might sound complicated at first, but once you understand the basics, it’s fascinating to see how it connects businesses and investors.

What is NEPSE?
Let’s start with NEPSE—the Nepal Stock Exchange. Think of it as a marketplace where people trade shares of companies. NEPSE is the only stock exchange in Nepal, and it plays a big role in our economy. Companies use it to raise money for their projects, and investors use it to grow their savings.

NEPSE operates under the rules set by the Securities Board of Nepal (SEBON), ensuring fair and transparent trading. Over the years, NEPSE has helped many businesses grow while giving ordinary people a chance to invest in something bigger than a savings account.

What is an IPO?
You might have heard the term IPO in the news or from friends. It stands for Initial Public Offering. This is when a private company decides to sell its shares to the public for the first time. For example, if a company wants to expand its operations or start a new project, it might issue an IPO to raise the money it needs.

In Nepal, IPOs are incredibly popular. In fact, they’re often oversubscribed, meaning more people apply for shares than there are shares available. It’s a sign of how eager people are to invest.

What is an FPO?
An FPO, or Follow-on Public Offering, is a little different. It’s when a company that’s already listed on the stock exchange issues more shares. This usually happens when the company needs extra funds for something specific, like launching a new product or paying off debts. FPOs are often priced higher than IPOs because the company has already established its value in the market.

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How is the Share Market Doing in Nepal?
Nepal’s stock market has had its ups and downs lately. The NEPSE index, which shows the overall performance of the market, has been quite volatile. Some days, the market sees big gains, while other days bring losses. It’s a reminder that investing always carries some risk.

Rising Interest Among Investors
More and more people in Nepal are getting involved in the stock market. This is partly because online trading platforms have made it easier to buy and sell shares. IPOs and FPOs are especially attractive to first-time investors because they offer a chance to get in early on promising companies.

Challenges in the Market
Despite the growing interest, there are some hurdles. For one, there’s a backlog of companies waiting to issue IPOs. As of late 2024, more than 80 companies were waiting for approval from SEBON. This delay slows down the process and can be frustrating for both companies and investors. Additionally, market fluctuations can make it hard for people to decide when to buy or sell shares.

Opportunities Ahead
The good news is that the future looks bright. With more people interested in investing and more companies going public, the market is poised for growth. However, for this to happen smoothly, we’ll need better regulations and more financial education for new investors.

Why Should You Care About the Stock Market?
The stock market isn’t just for experts or wealthy people. It’s a way for anyone to invest in the growth of businesses and, in turn, grow their own wealth. Whether you’re saving for the future or just curious about how the economy works, understanding the basics of the stock market is a great place to start.